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In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal
2025-02-26
In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal physiology, given the importance of GLUT4-dependent glucose uptake and glucose-dependent fatty CGP 53353 synthesis for systemic metabolic homeostasis (Herman and Kahn, 2006, Herman et al., 2012), deletion of Acly in adipocytes results in a surpris
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br MADS box proteins in plants a
2025-02-25
MADS box proteins in plants, a flourishing family In contrast to animals, homeotic genes in plants do not code for homeodomain-containing proteins, but rather, in almost all cases, for MADS domain proteins. The sequencing of the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana revealed more than 100 putative MADS
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Breast Cancer Although androgens have been considered to
2025-02-25
Breast Cancer: Although androgens have been considered to be a risk factor in prostate cancer they have been recommended to treat breast cancers. Even before the discovery of SERMs and aromatase inhibitors, steroidal androgens such as medroxyprogesterone and fluoxymesterone were used to treat breast
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Pathogen infected macrophages release exosomes associating w
2025-02-25
Pathogen-infected nkcc inhibitor release exosomes associating with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as LPS and lipoprotein derived from microorganisms [29,30]. Exosomes released by bacterially infected, but not uninfected, macrophages stimulate macrophages to release inflammatory
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br Conflict of interest statement
2025-02-25
Conflict of interest statement Introduction The global prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to increase to 106 million in 2050 from 30 million in 2010 (Brookmeyer et al., 2007), which will further impose a significant economic burden on health systems and society as a whole (Broo
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Interestingly all of the ROS rearrangements share a constant
2025-02-25
Interestingly, all of the ROS1 rearrangements share a constant breakpoint in ROS1 and the fusion product contain the kinase domain resulting in aberrant ROS1 expression with constitutive kinase activity. Intrachromosomal deletions and interchromosomal translocations have demonstrated the existence o
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The decreased AR mediated response has been attributed to
2025-02-25
The decreased βAR-mediated response has been attributed to different mechanisms, including an attenuation of PKA activation, an impaired generation of cyclic AMP, a reduced receptor density, and a less efficient coupling to adenylyl-cyclase [10]. However, currently there is no single molecular or ce
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br There are three types of HT receptors
2025-02-25
There are three types of 5-HT2 receptors. 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors Exhibit 46–50% overall sequence identity and couple preferentially to Gq/11 to increase inositol phosphates and cytosolic [Ca2+] and in agreement with their long known role in muscle contraction and stimulation in the br
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Regenerative mechanisms often require reemployment of
2025-02-25
Regenerative mechanisms often require reemployment of pathways used during development in the embryonic and postnatal periods (Waschek, 2002). PACAP has diverse neurodevelopmental and growth factor-like effects (Botia et al., 2007; Vaudry et al., 2009; Waschek, 2002; Watanabe et al., 2016) and it is
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br Experimental procedures Adk tg Adktm tg
2025-02-25
Experimental procedures Adk-tg (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk) mice were created by breeding a loxP-flanked Adk transgene under the control of a human ubiquitin promoter into ADK knockout mice (Fedele et al., 2005,). Fb-Adk-def (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk):Emx1-Cre-tg3) mice were generated by pairing Emx1-Cre-tg3
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ADA catalyzes the deamination of
2025-02-25
ADA catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine into their respective inosine nucleoside (Cristalli et al., 2001). This conversion is an initial step in a series of reactions responsible for lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, ADA is considered an indicator of cellu
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In young animals the HT A receptor antagonist ketanserin at
2025-02-25
In young animals, the 5-HT2A Cell cycle inhibitor antagonist ketanserin, at relatively low concentrations, shifted 5-HT concentration-response curves rightward, suggesting a role for 5-HT2A receptors in mediating 5-HT-induced contractions of the ureter. The slopes of the ketanserin Schild plots for
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The original Aurora kinase was identified during a phenotypi
2025-02-24
The original Aurora kinase was identified during a phenotypic screen for defects in mitotic spindles in Drosophila mutants. Aurora mutants were so named because of the morphological defects at the mitotic spindle resembling the Aurora borealis, or the Northern light [4]. The structure of the Auroras
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Analyzed by qRT PCR Fig the variation of the
2025-02-24
Analyzed by qRT-PCR (Fig. 8), the variation of the expressions of DtACLA and DtACLB was fairly consistent in response to nitrogen deficiency, suggesting that DtACLA and DtACLB may be coordinate to function in the catalysis. It was reported that in Arabidopsis, the coordinated ACLA and ACLB mRNA accu
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Analysis of ASK crystal structures as well as
2025-02-24
Analysis of ASK1 crystal structures as well as an investigation of how porcn 4 might bind were undertaken to understand opportunities for engaging Gln756. To this end a docking model derived from PDB 3VW622 was used to predict the binding mode of amide 4 in the ASK1 active site as shown in Fig. 4. I